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全球变暖将会增加洪灾和旱灾英语美文
Global warming will exacerbate rainfall extremes – both deluges and droughts – by more than most climatologists have predicted, according to a study of satellite data and climate models published on the 8 Aug in the journal Science.
Experts agree that heavy rain will fall more frequently in a warmer world, because higher temperatures increase the amount of energy and water vapour that can be stored in the atmosphere. But Richard Allan, of Reading University in the UK, and Brian Soden of the University of Miami, in the US, say computer models underestimate the likely intensification of rainfall.
The implications for the global water cycle could be grim. Floods will become more frequent in wet regions while dry regions will suffer droughts, says Mr Allan. “Because rainfall worldwide is not expected to change much, the very heavy rainfall events will have to be balanced by other places becoming more dry.”
While atmospheric physics suggest that heavy rainfall increases by 7 per cent for every 1°C rise in temperature, the latest analysis suggests the most torrential downpours rise by as much as 15 per cent for every 1°C of warming
根据《科学》(Science)杂志8月8日刊登的一份报告，对卫星数据及气候模型的研究显示，全球变暖会增加降水极端情况(洪水和干旱)的发生，情况比大多数气象学家预期的更加严重。
专家承认，随着世界变暖，强降雨将会出现得更加频繁，因为温度升高让存留在大气中的能量和水蒸气增多。但英国里丁大学(University of Reading)的理查德?艾伦(Richard Allan)和美国迈阿密大学(University of Miami)的布赖恩?索登(Brian Soden)表示，电脑模型低估了可能的降水加强。
艾伦表示，这对全球水循环的影响将是可怕的。多雨地区的洪水将会变得更加频繁，而干旱地区将会遭受旱灾。“由于全球降雨量预计不会有太大变化，部分地区发生强降雨的同时，其它地区将会变得更为干燥。”
尽管大气物理指出，气温每升高1摄氏度，降雨量就会增加7%，但最新分析却表明，气温每升高1摄氏度，倾盆大雨将会增加15%之多。
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